Yii实现多数据库主从读写分离的方法
发布:smiling 来源: PHP粉丝网 添加日期:2021-05-05 12:40:05 浏览: 评论:0
这篇文章主要介绍了Yii实现多数据库主从读写分离的方法,通过针对Yii数据库类的扩展实现多数据库主从读写的分离功能,是非常实用的技巧,需要的朋友可以参考下
本文实例讲述了Yii实现多数据库主从读写分离的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:
Yii框架数据库多数据库、主从、读写分离 实现,功能描述:
1.实现主从数据库读写分离 主库:写 从库(可多个):读
2.主数据库无法连接时 可设置从数据库是否 可写
3.所有从数据库无法连接时 可设置主数据库是否 可读
4.如果从数据库连接失败 可设置N秒内不再连接
利用yii扩展实现,代码如下:
- <?php
 - /**
 - * 主数据库 写 从数据库(可多个)读
 - * 实现主从数据库 读写分离 主服务器无法连接 从服务器可切换写功能
 - * 从务器无法连接 主服务器可切换读功
 - * by lmt
 - * */
 - class DbConnectionMan extends CDbConnection {
 - public $timeout = 10; //连接超时时间
 - public $markDeadSeconds = 600; //如果从数据库连接失败 600秒内不再连接
 - //用 cache 作为缓存全局标记
 - public $cacheID = 'cache';
 - /**
 - * @var array $slaves.Slave database connection(Read) config array.
 - * 配置符合 CDbConnection.
 - * @example
 - * 'components'=>array(
 - * 'db'=>array(
 - * 'connectionString'=>'mysql://<master>',
 - * 'slaves'=>array(
 - * array('connectionString'=>'mysql://<slave01>'),
 - * array('connectionString'=>'mysql://<slave02>'),
 - * )
 - * )
 - * )
 - * */
 - public $slaves = array();
 - /**
 - *
 - * 从数据库状态 false 则只用主数据库
 - * @var bool $enableSlave
 - * */
 - public $enableSlave = true;
 - /**
 - * @var slavesWrite 紧急情况主数据库无法连接 切换从服务器(读写).
 - */
 - public $slavesWrite = false;
 - /**
 - * @var masterRead 紧急情况从主数据库无法连接 切换从住服务器(读写).
 - */
 - public $masterRead = false;
 - /**
 - * @var _slave
 - */
 - private $_slave;
 - /**
 - * @var _disableWrite 从服务器(只读).
 - */
 - private $_disableWrite = true;
 - /**
 - *
 - * 重写 createCommand 方法,1.开启从库 2.存在从库 3.当前不处于一个事务中 4.从库读数据
 - * @param string $sql
 - * @return CDbCommand
 - * */
 - public function createCommand($sql = null) {
 - if ($this->enableSlave && !emptyempty($this->slaves) && is_string($sql) && !$this->getCurrentTransaction() && self::isReadOperation($sql) && ($slave = $this->getSlave())
 - ) {
 - return $slave->createCommand($sql);
 - } else {
 - if (!$this->masterRead) {
 - if ($this->_disableWrite && !self::isReadOperation($sql)) {
 - throw new CDbException("Master db server is not available now!Disallow write operation on slave server!");
 - }
 - }
 - return parent::createCommand($sql);
 - }
 - }
 - /**
 - * 获得从服务器连接资源
 - * @return CDbConnection
 - * */
 - public function getSlave() {
 - if (!isset($this->_slave)) {
 - shuffle($this->slaves);
 - foreach ($this->slaves as $slaveConfig) {
 - if ($this->_isDeadServer($slaveConfig['connectionString'])) {
 - continue;
 - }
 - if (!isset($slaveConfig['class']))
 - $slaveConfig['class'] = 'CDbConnection';
 - $slaveConfig['autoConnect'] = false;
 - try {
 - if ($slave = Yii::createComponent($slaveConfig)) {
 - Yii::app()->setComponent('dbslave', $slave);
 - $slave->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_TIMEOUT, $this->timeout);
 - $slave->setAttribute(PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_USE_BUFFERED_QUERY, true);
 - $slave->setActive(true);
 - $this->_slave = $slave;
 - break;
 - }
 - } catch (Exception $e) {
 - $this->_markDeadServer($slaveConfig['connectionString']);
 - Yii::log("Slave database connection failed!ntConnection string:{$slaveConfig['connectionString']}", 'warning');
 - continue;
 - }
 - }
 - if (!isset($this->_slave)) {
 - $this->_slave = null;
 - $this->enableSlave = false;
 - }
 - }
 - return $this->_slave;
 - }
 - public function setActive($value) {
 - if ($value != $this->getActive()) {
 - if ($value) {
 - try {
 - if ($this->_isDeadServer($this->connectionString)) {
 - throw new CDbException('Master db server is already dead!');
 - }
 - //PDO::ATTR_TIMEOUT must set before pdo instance create
 - $this->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_TIMEOUT, $this->timeout);
 - $this->open();
 - } catch (Exception $e) {
 - $this->_markDeadServer($this->connectionString);
 - $slave = $this->getSlave();
 - Yii::log($e->getMessage(), CLogger::LEVEL_ERROR, 'exception.CDbException');
 - if ($slave) {
 - $this->connectionString = $slave->connectionString;
 - $this->username = $slave->username;
 - $this->password = $slave->password;
 - if ($this->slavesWrite) {
 - $this->_disableWrite = false;
 - }
 - $this->open();
 - } else { //Slave also unavailable
 - if ($this->masterRead) {
 - $this->connectionString = $this->connectionString;
 - $this->username = $this->username;
 - $this->password = $this->password;
 - $this->open();
 - } else {
 - throw new CDbException(Yii::t('yii', 'CDbConnection failed to open the DB connection.'), (int) $e->getCode(), $e->errorInfo);
 - }
 - }
 - }
 - } else {
 - $this->close();
 - }
 - }
 - }
 - /**
 - * 检测读操作 sql 语句
 - *
 - * 关键字: SELECT,DECRIBE,SHOW ...
 - * 写操作:UPDATE,INSERT,DELETE ...
 - * */
 - public static function isReadOperation($sql) {
 - $sql = substr(ltrim($sql), 0, 10);
 - $sql = str_ireplace(array('SELECT', 'SHOW', 'DESCRIBE', 'PRAGMA'), '^O^', $sql); //^O^,magic smile
 - return strpos($sql, '^O^') === 0;
 - }
 - /**
 - * 检测从服务器是否被标记 失败.
 - */
 - private function _isDeadServer($c) {
 - $cache = Yii::app()->{$this->cacheID};
 - if ($cache && $cache->get('DeadServer::' . $c) == 1) {
 - return true;
 - }
 - return false;
 - }
 - /**
 - * 标记失败的slaves.
 - */
 - private function _markDeadServer($c) {
 - $cache = Yii::app()->{$this->cacheID};
 - if ($cache) {
 - $cache->set('DeadServer::' . $c, 1, $this->markDeadSeconds);
 - }
 - }
 - }
 
main.php配置:components 数组中,代码如下:
- 'db'=>array(
 - 'class'=>'application.extensions.DbConnectionMan',//扩展路径
 - 'connectionString' => 'mysql:host=192.168.1.128;dbname=db_xcpt',//主数据库 写
 - 'emulatePrepare' => true,
 - 'username' => 'root',
 - 'password' => 'root',
 - 'charset' => 'utf8',
 - 'tablePrefix' => 'xcpt_', //表前缀
 - 'enableSlave'=>true,//从数据库启用
 - 'urgencyWrite'=>true,//紧急情况 主数据库无法连接 启用从数据库 写功能
 - 'masterRead'=>true,//紧急情况 从数据库无法连接 启用主数据库 读功能
 - 'slaves'=>array(//从数据库
 - array( //slave1
 - 'connectionString'=>'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=db_xcpt',
 - 'emulatePrepare' => true,
 - 'username'=>'root',
 - 'password'=>'root',
 - 'charset' => 'utf8',
 - 'tablePrefix' => 'xcpt_', //表前缀
 - ),
 - array( //slave2
 - 'connectionString'=>'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=db_xcpt',
 - 'emulatePrepare' => true,
 - 'username'=>'root',
 - 'password'=>'root',
 - 'charset' => 'utf8',
 - 'tablePrefix' => 'xcpt_', //表前缀
 - ),
 - ),
 - ),
 
Tags: Yii主从读写分离
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